The dynamics underlying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection remain poorly understood.We identified a Brake small cluster of patients in Brazil who experienced 2 episodes of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in March and late May 2020.In the first episode, patients manifested an enhanced innate response compared wit
The circuit mechanisms that give rise to direction selectivity in the retina have been studied extensively but how direction selectivity is established in retinorecipient areas of the brain is less well understood.Using functional imaging in larval zebrafish we examine how the direction of motion is encoded by populations of neurons at three layers
Clostridium perfringens (C.perfringens) type A strains are the main cause of gas gangrene in humans and animals.Treatment of this lethal disease is limited, and the prognosis is not good.Alpha-toxin (CPA) and perfringolysin O (PFO) secreted by C.perfringens play irreplaceable roles in cytotoxicity to host cells, persistence in host tissues, and let
Bacteriophages have been suggested as natural food preservatives as well as rapid detection materials for food-borne pathogens in various foods.Since Listeria monocytogenes-targeting phage cocktail (ListShield) was approved for applications in foods, numerous phages have been screened and experimentally characterized for phage applications in foods
Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella heart rate re enterica serovar Typhi (S.Typhi), is a disease transmitted by the faecal-oral route.It continues to be a public health problem in many developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa.School-age children, especially those from resource-poor settings with inadequate water and sanitation systems, are dispro